I still clearly recall my first ride in
an Austin Champ. It was at Puckapunyal, a military training camp
north of Melbourne. It must have been around 1963 and I was at
`Pucka' with the Oakleigh Technical School cadet corps. We had
earlier marched to a rifle range for our first-ever practice with the
famed Enfield .303 rifle. All we could talk about was making sure the
rifle was hard against the shoulder to prevent recoil bruising. From
memory we also fired a Bren machine gun. In the day of a 15 year-old school student it didn't get better than this.
We were straggling back to our barracks
when our commanding officer, one of our teachers, (Mr Maynard I
think) drove past and stopped and said to three of us we could get
in the back of his four wheel drive to hitch a lift back. I got in
and he proceeded to tell us it was an Austin Champ and it had a
sealed Rolls-Royce engine. He was chuffed. So were we. It was my
first ride in a four wheel drive and my first ride in a convertible.
All too quickly we were back, but the memory remains.
On October 18, 2009 I ventured out to
Canungra for the annual Military Jeep Club of Queensland swap meet
and field days at the Canungra Showgrounds. There among the Jeeps,
Dodges, Studebakers, Land Rovers, Chevrolets, Fords, tanks, armoured
personnel carriers and motorcycles there was single Austin Champ.
The old girl has seen better days. But
there was something wonderful about her condition. Phil Lloyd had
taken the car to the meet on behalf of the owner who lives in
England. The car's build date on the makers plate was noted as
01/04/1955. This apparently signifies the car was brought to
Australia new as British models do not have this stamped on the car.
The Australian Army bought 400 new and 400 used Austin Champs from
the British Army.
In reality the Austin Champ was a name
for the civilian variant of the Army vehicle which was called,
believe it or not, “Truck,1/4 ton, CT, 4x4, cargo & FFW, Austin
Mk. 1.” For obvious reasons the vehicle became known universally as
the Champ. The success of the American Jeep in WW2 made it obvious
all armies needed a light, all-purpose, go-anywhere, vehicle. After
WW2 ended the British Army listed a requirement for such a vehicle.
With the Brits already in deep debt to the U.S. It was decided to
produce it locally.
The project was launched in 1947 as
`Car 4x4 5cwt FV1800-Series' and Lord Nuffield's group built three
prototypes, which became known as the `Nuffield's Gutty.' The car was
far from perfect and the government's team at Fighting Vehicle
Research and Development Establishment stepped in to right the
wrongs. It is interesting that the vehicle's suspension was designed
by no other than Alec Issigonis, designer of the Morris Minor and the
Morris Mini.
Further prototypes of the improved
design were built by Wolseley Motor Company and called the `Wolseley
Mudlark' and with further development was called the FV1801 (a).
Austin was awarded the contract to build 15,000 vehicles and the
first production model hit the tar on September 1, 1951. There was no
holding back with the choice of engine with the selection going to
the B40 four cylinder 2828cc engine sourced from Rolls-Royce. RR also
produced the B60 six cylinder and B80 eight for military purposes and
they are known as the B-Series engines.
Not many were fitted with the
Rolls-Royce genuine article before Austin, under licence from RR,
started producing a similar engine for the Champ. The little
off-roader fulfilled a number of roles including that of radio
vehicle, (FFW - Fitted For Wireless), ambulances (two stretcher),
machine gun carriers, and for carrying personnel and small cargo.
But, there was an underlying problem
that had nothing to do with the vehicle's off-road ability. It was
expensive. (As if it was ever going to be cheap, sporting a Roller
engine!) The cost in 1951 was Aus$2400. At that time you could buy an
FJ Holden for $1466. There was another problem for the Austin. Jeep
was not the only competitor in this line of business. There was
another vehicle going around called a Land Rover. It was also
British-made and extremely capable off-road and about half the price.
The British Army had been using the Landy since 1949.
Despite it's short life the Champ saw
service with the Brits in Africa, Germany, Cyprus and during the Suez
crisis. Some were also used in the early years of the Korean conflict
and the largest other single user was the Australian Army.
No expense was spared in regard to the
engine which boasted sealed electrics, cast aluminium cylinder head.
Later variants of the engine were similar, but of Austin design, and
sourced from the Austin A90. The drive-train was interesting in that
there was no reverse gearing in the transmission. Instead reverse was
incorporated in the rear differential. This means the Champ has five
forward and five reverse gears. There is a lever for two wheel drive
and four wheel drive, but no low range transfer box. Instead, first
gear is a `crawler' gear, although some say it is slightly too highly
geared.
It was said the vehicle could `wade' in
water up to six feet deep (note the snorkel tucked away in the
horizontal position on the right mudguard). The last Champ rolled off
the production line in 1956 and the last Champ left the British
military service in 1967. There was a civilian variant made, called
WN3 which was denuded of military gear such
as rifle holders and the windscreen became a fixture. Our featured
vehicle is obviously a former member of the Australian Defence Force
with a folding windscreen. Who knows, maybe it was the one I took a
ride in all those years ago.
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